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Ammonia Systems

Ammonia is an excellent refrigerant and an aggressive attacker of copper and most elastomers. Every construction decision in an ammonia system follows from that one fact.

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Ammonia Systems

Semi-Welded and Nickel Brazed Construction

Ammonia systems need heat exchangers whose refrigerant-side construction excludes copper and gaskets entirely.

Semi-welded packs. Two plates laser welded into a cassette contain the ammonia; conventional gaskets between cassettes carry the water or glycol. The refrigerant never touches an elastomer and the secondary side still opens for cleaning.

Nickel brazed units. For smaller duties, a nickel brazed unit gives compact sealed construction with no copper anywhere. It cannot be opened, so the secondary fluid must be clean.

System context. Suction and discharge conditions, oil management, relief arrangements and the secondary fluid all belong in the same conversation as the exchanger selection.

Image needed: Ammonia refrigeration plant room with semi-welded plate equipment

Typical Specification

  • Refrigerant: Ammonia
  • Large duty construction: Semi-welded plate cassettes
  • Small duty construction: Nickel brazed plate
  • Copper: Excluded throughout
  • Gaskets: Secondary side only
  • Serviceability: Water or glycol side opens on semi-welded units
  • Duty types: Evaporating, condensing, solution chilling
  • Connections: Studded port, flanged, ferrule or stub end
  • Expansion: Cassettes added within the frame
  • System inputs: Suction and discharge conditions, secondary fluid

Common FAQs

Ammonia attacks copper directly, so copper brazed units and copper components fail. That is why nickel brazing exists and why semi-welded construction is used at larger capacities.

No, on either construction. It is sealed. Cleanliness on the refrigerant side is managed by system design, filtration and oil management rather than by periodic access.

As duty grows, and whenever the secondary fluid fouls. A semi-welded pack lets you open the water side, which a brazed unit cannot offer at any size.

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